What is a golf ball in typewriter?
Instead of the "basket" of individual typebars that swing up to strike the ribbon and page in a typical typewriter of the period, the Selectric had an "element" (frequently called a "typeball", or less formally, a "golf ball") that rotated and pivoted to the correct position before striking.
When did the first typewriter come out?
In 1865, Rev. Rasmus Malling-Hansen of Denmark invented the Hansen Writing Ball, which went into commercial production in 1870 and was the first commercially sold typewriter. It was a success in Europe and was reported as being used in offices in London as late as 1909.
When was the first golf ball made?
Although the era of the feathery golf ball may have started in the early 1400's and run until the late 1840's, it is believed that it was in 1618 that a new type of golf ball was created by handcrafting a cowhide sphere stuffed with goose feathers.
When did the IBM Selectric typewriter come out?
IBM and Remington Rand electric typewriters were the leading models until IBM introduced the IBM Selectric typewriter in 1961, which replaced the typebars with a spherical element (or typeball) slightly smaller than a golf ball, with reverse-image letters molded into its surface.
When was the golf ball typewriter invented?
1961It's called the IBM Selectric – and it revolutionised office life from 1961 when it was first launched – but it's universally known as the “golf ball typewriter”.
Who invented the golf ball typewriter?
The “golf ball” Thomas Watson Jr. called it “the most totally distinct invention we've ever made as a company.” The type balI worked by revolving and tilting—according to the direction of a sophisticated mechanism—as it moved across the page. Each character had a binary code, one for tilt and one for rotate.
Who invented the IBM Selectric ball?
The aesthetic design of the Selectric was the responsibility of Eliot Noyes, an architect and industrial designer who served as consulting design director to IBM for 21 years.
How does a golf ball typewriter work?
Instead of the "basket" of individual typebars that swung up to strike the ribbon and page in a typical typewriter of the period, the Selectric had an "element" (frequently called a "typeball", or less formally, a "golf ball") that rotated and pivoted to the correct position before striking the paper.
When was the first electric typewriter?
Development of the IBM Electric typewriter The first power operated machine of practical value was invented in 1914 by James Fields Smathers of Kansas City, Missouri.
How much is an Olivetti typewriter worth?
On average, fully serviced and restored typewriters can be worth up to $1,000, and the earlier the model, the higher its estimated value. For example, a functional Olivetti Studio 42 from the 1940s is listed for $850, whereas a working Olivetti Lettera 32 is only listed for a little over $200.
How much did an IBM Selectric cost?
It cost about $3,000 in today's dollars and feature a replaceable type ball that improved typing speeds immensely. Unlike other typewriters, which struck the paper with hammers, it used golf ball-like type heads embossed with a full set of alphanumeric characters.
When did the IBM electric typewriter come out?
1935 The IBM Electric Typewriter, Model 01 (Improved), is introduced. Customer acceptance soon makes it the first successful electric typewriter in the United States.
Does IBM still make Selectric typewriters?
The Selectric typewriter was discontinued in 1986 after 25 years of success.
Are Smith Corona typewriters worth anything?
Corona Typewriter Some of their earliest typewriters were elaborate confections of metal arms and a circular type section; these have sold for $150 and under.
Do they still make typewriters?
All the manufacturers of office typewriters stopped production, except us. 'Till 2009, we used to produce 10,000 to 12,000 machines a year. But this might be the last chance for typewriter lovers. Now, our primary market is among the defence agencies, courts and government offices."
Are typewriters worth any money?
Typewriters that were made in the 1940s or earlier, especially those manufactured in the 19th century, may be worth some money if they're still in working order. Non-working antique typewriters are typically worth about $50, but refurbished models can earn $800 or more.
When was the Brambleberry golf ball invented?
The advent of the rubber core golf ball changed the face of the game of golf as we knew it. This new design was invented in 1898 by Coburn Haskell in association with the BF Goodrich Company.
Who invented the Gutty golf ball?
It wasn't until 1848 that Rev. Dr. Robert Adams began creating golf balls out of Gutta Percha "Gutty". The Gutty golf ball was created from the dried sap of the Sapodilla tree. It had a rubber-like feel and was formed into ball shapes by heating it up and shaping it while hot.
What was the most popular design of the Gutta Percha era golf ball?
Golf truly became the sport for the masses. "The Bramble" design, with its minute bulges resembling a Brambleberry, became the most popular design of the Gutta Percha era golf ball.
What is a feathery golf ball?
Basically, the feathery was a leather sack filled with boiled goose feathers, then stitched up and painted.
How were feathery golf balls made?
The feathery golf balls were manufactured while the leather and feathers were still wet, and as the leather shrunk while drying, the feathers expanded to create a hardened, compact ball. The Feathery was then painted and sold, often for more than the price of a golf club.
What is the evolution of the golf ball?
The evolution of the golf ball highlights the major changes in the game of golf and depicts important golf landmarks during the long evolution of the game. The development of the golf club, the golf course, and the rules of the game were affected by the evolution of the golf ball itself. The balance (and debate) between technology ...
When did rubber core golf balls replace gutty golf balls?
The more modern rubber core golf ball replaced the gutty in 1899. However, the rubber core golf ball of the day did not meet with immediate success. Golfers complained that while the rubber cored golf balls were longer off of the tee they were far too lively on and around the greens.
What sap is used to make Haskel golf balls?
Thus bringing the modern look of the golf ball that we’ve become accustom to. The balata sap initially used to make Haskel golf balls had a tendency to get indents on it as it was relatively soft.
Why is a featherie golf ball harder to fly?
Since the featherie golf ball was filled with feathers it was able to be stuffed more full than the hairy, making it harder thus able to fly farther. To make a featherie, the feathers and leather would be shaped while wet. Upon drying the leather shrank and feathers expanded creating the desired hardness for the ball.
Where did the hairy golf ball come from?
Hairy Golf Balls. From 1486 through 1618, the Scottish received and used the hairy golf ball imported from the Netherlands. The hairy golf ball was a hand-sewn round leather ball filled with cows’ hair or straw. In 1554 the hairy golf ball was being produced in Scotland by the “cordiners and gouff ball makers of North Leith.”.
How many stages of evolution are there in golf?
The modern golf ball has undergone a few transformations to get to where it is today. The origins of the golf ball can be traced to five distinct stages of evolution. From a wooden ball in the 14th century to the modern rubber core balls, discover the history behind the golf ball.
When was golf invented?
By many accounts it is presumed that the earliest games of golf were played with a wooden ball in the 14th century. It’s been refuted that wooden balls were never used in links golf in Scotland, but instead they were used in early games that were similar to golf.
When was the rubber core discovered?
Rubber Core Golf Balls – Haskel. In 1898 Coburn Haskell made a discovery while awaiting Bertram Work, of the B.F. Goodrich Company, when he wound a rubber thread into a ball and bounced it. Haskell discovered it had a lot of bounce and upon Bertram Work’s suggestion to put a cover over it, the rubber Haskell golf ball was born.
Did Robertson like the guttie?
Robertson didn’t like the guttie and saw it as a threat to his business. Morris saw the guttie ball as the future of the game. The two parted ways after Robertson fired Morris for playing with a guttie. Morris went and opened his own shop in Prestwick, which became the site of the first Open Championship.
What was the name of the machine used by secretaries?
Sidekick to secretaries. Throughout the 1960s and ’70s, the Selectric served as the iconic machine of secretaries— its primary users at its debut. The famed relationship between S electric typewriters and secretaries is still celebrated in movies and TV series depicting the era, including the current hit TV series Mad Men.
Where was the Selectric typewriter ball at the 1964 World's Fair?
The Selectric type ball starred at the IBM Pavilion at the 1964 – 1965 World’s Fair in New York City. The pavilion was topped with an enormous spherical structure that resembled the Selectric typewriter’s golf ball head and housed a 500-seat theater.
Who invented the Selectric stamp?
In June 2011, the US Postal Service immortalized Eliot Noyes and his revolutionary design of the Selectric typewriter as first class-rated “forever” stamp. Throughout the decades since its invention, writers of all stripes—from novelists and screenwriters to comedians and poets—have declared their devotion to the workhorse Selectric.
When did Eliot Noyes stamp come out?
The commemorative Noyes stamp is one of 12 in the Pioneers of American Industrial Design pane, which honors some of America’s most influential industrial designers and makes its debut in July 2011. For more on Eliot Noyes please visit Good Design Is Good Business in IBM’s Icons of Progress.
Where are Worden's earrings?
Worden’s pieces are part of the public collections at the Museum of Fine Arts in Boston, the Seattle Art Museum, the Stedelijk Museum’s-Hertogenbosch in the Netherlands and many others. Other jewelry designers have fashioned earrings out of Selectric type balls. 01 / 04.
Who is the writer of the end credits logo?
Television producer and writer Stephen Cannell ’s signature end-credit logo—shown here and familiar to anyone who watched television during the 1980s—depicted Cannell typing on his Selectric. Cannell was the creator of popular ’80s TV shows like The Rockford Files, The A-Team and The Greatest American Hero that were syndicated internationally.
history
In 1714, British engineer Henry Mills obtained the first patent (No. 376) for a ‘Machine for Transcribing Letters’ on paper that would be equal to the quality of printing. His words clearly convey what a typewriter would be and they are regarded as the first description of a typewriter.
first typewriters
In 1714, British engineer Henry Mills obtained the first patent (No. 376) for a ‘Machine for Transcribing Letters’ on paper that would be equal to the quality of printing. His words clearly convey what a typewriter would be and they are regarded as the first description of a typewriter.
What type of typewriter was used in the 1960s?
IBM and Remington Rand electric typewriters were the leading models until IBM introduced the IBM Selectric typewriter in 1961, which replaced the typebars with a spherical element (or typeball) slightly smaller than a golf ball, with reverse-image letters molded into its surface. The Selectric used a system of latches, metal tapes, and pulleys are driven by an electric motor to rotate the ball into the correct position and then strike it against the ribbon and platen. The typeball moved laterally in front of the paper, instead of the previous designs using a platen-carrying carriage moving the paper across a stationary print position.
What is a shift key?
2 in 1878. This key physically "shifted" either the basket of typebars, in which case the typewriter is described as "basket shift", or the paper-holding carriage, in which case the typewriter is described as "carriage shift". Either mechanism caused a different portion of the typebar to come in contact with the ribbon/platen. The result is that each typebar could type two different characters, cutting the number of keys and typebars in half (and simplifying the internal mechanisms considerably). The obvious use for this was to allow letter keys to type both upper and lower case, but normally the number keys were also duplexed, allowing access to special symbols such as percent, %, and ampersand, & .
What was the purpose of the red ribbon on a typewriter?
The red color was also used on some selected characters in running text, for emphasis. When a typewriter had this facility, it could still be fitted with a solid black ribbon; the lever was then used to switch to fresh ribbon when the first stripe ran out of ink. Some typewriters also had a third position which stopped the ribbon being struck at all. This enabled the keys to hit the paper unobstructed, and was used for cutting stencils for stencil duplicators (aka mimeograph machines).
Why is the index typewriter called the index typewriter?
Because the typographer used a dial, rather than keys, to select each character, it was called an "index typewriter" rather than a "keyboard typewriter". Index typewriters of that era resemble the squeeze-style embosser from the 1960s more than they resemble the modern keyboard typewriter.
What is a tab key?
Tab key. To facilitate typewriter use in business settings, a tab (tabulator) key was added in the late nineteenth century. Before using the key, the operator had to set mechanical "tab stops", pre-designated locations to which the carriage would advance when the tab key was pressed.
When did the typewriter become standardized?
By about 1910, the "manual" or "mechanical" typewriter had reached a somewhat standardized design. There were minor variations from one manufacturer to another, but most typewriters followed the concept that each key was attached to a typebar that had the corresponding letter molded, in reverse, into its striking head.
When was the first typewriter invented?
The working prototype was made by clock-maker and machinist Matthias Schwalbach. Hall, Glidden and Soule sold their shares in the patent (US 79,265) to Densmore and Sholes, who made an agreement with E. Remington and Sons (then famous as a manufacturer of sewing machines) to commercialize the machine as the Sholes and Glidden Type-Writer. This was the origin of the term typewriter. Remington began production of its first typewriter on March 1 , 1873, in Ilion, New York. It had a QWERTY keyboard layout, which, because of the machine's success, was slowly adopted by other typewriter manufacturers. As with most other early typewriters, because the typebars strike upwards, the typist could not see the characters as they were typed.
